draft-ietf-dnsop-zoneversion-08.txt   draft-ietf-dnsop-zoneversion-09.txt 
Internet Engineering Task Force H. Salgado Internet Engineering Task Force H. Salgado
Internet-Draft NIC Chile Internet-Draft NIC Chile
Intended status: Informational M. Vergara Intended status: Standards Track M. Vergara
Expires: 14 December 2024 DigitalOcean Expires: 2 January 2025 DigitalOcean
D. Wessels D. Wessels
Verisign Verisign
12 June 2024 1 July 2024
The DNS Zone Version (ZONEVERSION) Option The DNS Zone Version (ZONEVERSION) Option
draft-ietf-dnsop-zoneversion-08 draft-ietf-dnsop-zoneversion-09
Abstract Abstract
The DNS ZONEVERSION option is a way for DNS clients to request, and The DNS ZONEVERSION option is a way for DNS clients to request, and
for authoritative DNS servers to provide, information regarding the for authoritative DNS servers to provide, information regarding the
version of the zone from which a response is generated. The Serial version of the zone from which a response is generated. The Serial
field from the Start Of Authority (SOA) resource record is a good field from the Start Of Authority (SOA) resource record is a good
example of a zone's version, and the only one defined by this example of a zone's version, and the only one defined by this
specification. Additional version types may be defined by future specification. Additional version types may be defined by future
specifications. specifications.
Including zone version data in a response simplifies and improves the Including zone version data in a response simplifies and improves the
quality of debugging and diagnostics since the version and the data quality of debugging and diagnostics since the version and the DNS
are provided atomically. This can be especially useful for zones and answer are provided atomically. This can be especially useful for
DNS providers that leverage IP anycast or multiple backend systems. zones and DNS providers that leverage IP anycast or multiple backend
It functions similarly to the DNS Name Server Identifier (NSID) systems. It functions similarly to the DNS Name Server Identifier
option [RFC5001]. (NSID) option [RFC5001].
Status of This Memo Status of This Memo
This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the
provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79.
Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute
working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet-
Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. Drafts is at https://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/.
Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months
and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any
time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference
material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." material or to cite them other than as "work in progress."
This Internet-Draft will expire on 14 December 2024. This Internet-Draft will expire on 2 January 2025.
Copyright Notice Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the Copyright (c) 2024 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved. document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal
Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/ Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (https://trustee.ietf.org/
license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document. license-info) in effect on the date of publication of this document.
Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights Please review these documents carefully, as they describe your rights
skipping to change at page 2, line 30 skipping to change at page 2, line 30
1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1. Requirements Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2. The ZONEVERSION Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2. The ZONEVERSION Option . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.1. Wire Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1. Wire Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
2.2. Presentation Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.2. Presentation Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3. ZONEVERSION Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. ZONEVERSION Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.1. Initiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.1. Initiators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
3.2. Responders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2. Responders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4. The SOA-SERIAL ZONEVERSION Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2.1. ZONEVERSION Is Not Transitive . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4. The SOA-SERIAL ZONEVERSION Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1. Type SOA-SERIAL Presentation Format . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.1. Type SOA-SERIAL Presentation Format . . . . . . . . . . . 7
5. Example usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 5. Example usage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
7.1. DNS EDNS0 Option Code Registration . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.1. DNS EDNS0 Option Code Registration . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.2. ZONEVERSION Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.2. ZONEVERSION Registry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
7.2.1. Expert Review Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 7.2.1. Expert Review Directives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 8. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
9. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 9. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
10. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 10. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Appendix A. Implementation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Appendix A. Implementation Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Appendix B. Implementation References . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Appendix B. Implementation References . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1. Introduction 1. Introduction
The ZONEVERSION option allows DNS queriers to request, and The ZONEVERSION option allows DNS queriers to request, and
authoritative DNS severs to provide, a token representing the version authoritative DNS servers to provide, a token representing the
of the zone from which a DNS response was generated. It is similar version of the zone from which a DNS response was generated. It is
to the NSID option, which can be used to convey the identification of similar to the NSID option [RFC5001], which can be used to convey the
a name server that generates a response. identification of a name server that generates a response.
The Domain Name System allows data to be loosely coherent [RFC3254], The Domain Name System allows data to be loosely coherent [RFC3254],
because synchronization can never be instantaneous, and some uses of because synchronization can never be instantaneous, and some uses of
DNS do not require strong coherency anyway. This means that a record DNS do not require strong coherency anyway. This means that a record
obtained by one response could be out-of-sync with other obtained by one response could be out-of-sync with other
authoritative sources of the same data at the same point in time. authoritative sources of the same data at the same point in time.
This can make it difficult to debug some problems when there is a This can make it difficult to debug some problems when there is a
need to couple the data with the version of the zone it came from. need to couple the data with the version of the zone it came from.
Furthermore, in today's Internet, it is common for high volume and Furthermore, in today's Internet, it is common for high volume and
important DNS zones to utilize IP anycast Section 4.9 of [RFC4786] important DNS zones to utilize IP anycast Section 4.9 of [RFC4786]
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The ZONEVERSION option both simplifies and improves the DNS The ZONEVERSION option both simplifies and improves the DNS
monitoring and debugging by directly associating the data and the monitoring and debugging by directly associating the data and the
version together in a single response. version together in a single response.
The SOA Serial field (Section 4.3.5 of [RFC1034]) is one example of The SOA Serial field (Section 4.3.5 of [RFC1034]) is one example of
zone versioning. Its purpose is to facilitate the distribution of zone versioning. Its purpose is to facilitate the distribution of
zone data between primary and secondary name servers. It is also zone data between primary and secondary name servers. It is also
often useful in DNS monitoring and debugging. This document often useful in DNS monitoring and debugging. This document
specifies the SOA Serial as one type of ZONEVERSION data. specifies the SOA Serial as one type of ZONEVERSION data.
Some DNS zones may use other distrubtion and synchronization Some DNS zones may use other distribution and synchronization
mechanisms not based on the SOA Serial number, such as relational mechanisms not based on the SOA Serial number, such as relational
databases or other proprietary methods. In those cases the SOA databases or other proprietary methods. In those cases the SOA
Serial field may not be relevant with respect to the versioning of Serial field may not be relevant with respect to the versioning of
its content. To accomodate these use cases, new ZONEVERSION types its content. To accommodate these use cases, new ZONEVERSION types
should be defined in future specifications. Alternatively, zone could be defined in future specifications. Alternatively, zone
operators may use one of the private use ZONEVERSION code points operators may use one of the private use ZONEVERSION code points
allocated by this specification. allocated by this specification.
The ZONEVERSION option is OPTIONAL to implement by DNS clients and The ZONEVERSION option is OPTIONAL to implement by DNS clients and
name servers. It is designed for use only when a name server name servers. It is designed for use only when a name server
provides authoritative response data. It is intended only for hop- provides authoritative response data. It is intended only for hop-
to-hop communication and is not transitive. to-hop communication and is not transitive.
1.1. Requirements Language 1.1. Requirements Language
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and
document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119]. "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in
[BCP14] (RFC2119, RFC8174) when, and only when, they appear in all
capitals, as shown here.
1.2. Terminology 1.2. Terminology
In this document "original QNAME" is used to mean what the DNS In this document "original QNAME" is used to mean what the DNS
terminology document [RFC8499] calls "QNAME (original)": terminology document [RFC8499] calls "QNAME (original)":
| The name actually sent in the Question section in the original | The name actually sent in the Question section in the original
| query, which is always echoed in the (final) reply in the Question | query, which is always echoed in the (final) reply in the Question
| section when the QR bit is set to 1. | section when the QR bit is set to 1.
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OPTION-CODE for the ZONEVERSION option is <TBD>. OPTION-CODE for the ZONEVERSION option is <TBD>.
OPTION-LENGTH for the ZONEVERSION option MUST have a value of 0 for OPTION-LENGTH for the ZONEVERSION option MUST have a value of 0 for
queries, and MUST have the value of the length (in octets) of the queries, and MUST have the value of the length (in octets) of the
OPTION-DATA for responses. OPTION-DATA for responses.
OPTION-DATA for the ZONEVERSION option is omitted in queries. For OPTION-DATA for the ZONEVERSION option is omitted in queries. For
responses it is composed of three fields: responses it is composed of three fields:
* An unsigned 1 octet Label Count (LABELCOUNT) indicating the number * An unsigned 1-octet Label Count (LABELCOUNT) indicating the number
of labels for the name of the zone that VERSION value refers to. of labels for the name of the zone that VERSION value refers to.
* An unsigned 1 octet type number (TYPE) that distinguishes the * An unsigned 1-octet type number (TYPE) that distinguishes the
format and meaning of VERSION. format and meaning of VERSION.
* An opaque octet string conveying the zone version data (VERSION). * An opaque octet string conveying the zone version data (VERSION).
+0 (MSB) +1 (LSB) +0 (MSB) +1 (LSB)
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
0: | LABELCOUNT | TYPE | 0: | LABELCOUNT | TYPE |
+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+ +---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+---+
2: | VERSION | 2: | VERSION |
/ / / /
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ZONEVERSION option has OPTION-LENGTH set to zero. ZONEVERSION option has OPTION-LENGTH set to zero.
A DNS client SHOULD NOT send the ZONEVERSION option to non- A DNS client SHOULD NOT send the ZONEVERSION option to non-
authoritative name servers. authoritative name servers.
A DNS client MUST NOT include more than one ZONEVERSION option in the A DNS client MUST NOT include more than one ZONEVERSION option in the
OPT RR of a DNS query. OPT RR of a DNS query.
3.2. Responders 3.2. Responders
A name server that (a) understands the ZONEVERSION option, (b) is A name server that (a) understands the ZONEVERSION option, (b)
authoritative for the original QNAME, and (c) chooses to honor a receives a query with the ZONEVERSION option, (c) is authoritative
for the zone of the original QNAME, and (d) chooses to honor a
particular ZONEVERSION request responds by including a TYPE and particular ZONEVERSION request responds by including a TYPE and
corresponding VERSION value in a ZONEVERSION option in an EDNS(0) OPT corresponding VERSION value in a ZONEVERSION option in an EDNS(0) OPT
pseudo-RR in the response message. pseudo-RR in the response message.
Otherwise, a server MUST NOT include a ZONEVERSION option in the Otherwise, a server MUST NOT include a ZONEVERSION option in the
response. response.
A name server MUST ignore invalid ZONEVERSION options present in the A name server MUST ignore invalid ZONEVERSION options present in the
query message. query message.
A name server MAY include more than one ZONEVERSION option in the A name server MAY include more than one ZONEVERSION option in the
response if it supports multiple TYPEs. A name server MUST NOT response if it supports multiple TYPEs. A name server MAY also
include more than one ZONEVERSION option for a given TYPE. include more than one ZONEVERSION option in the response if it is
authoritative for more than one zone of the corresponding QNAME. A
name server MUST NOT include more than one ZONEVERSION option for a
given TYPE and LABELCOUNT.
A name server SHOULD include zone version information in a name error
(NXDOMAIN) response, even though the response does not include any
Answer section RRs.
A name server SHOULD include zone version information for downward A name server SHOULD include zone version information for downward
referral responses (see "Referrals" in Section 4 of [RFC8499]). Even referral responses (see "Referrals" in Section 4 of [RFC8499]). Even
though the response's Authoritative Answer bit is not set, the name though the response's Authoritative Answer bit is not set, the name
server is authoritative for the zone from which the referral was server is authoritative for the zone from which the referral was
generated. In this case, the ZONEVERSION data MUST correspond to the generated. In this case, the ZONEVERSION data MUST correspond to the
version of the referring zone. version of the referring zone.
A name server SHOULD include zone version information in a server A name server SHOULD include zone version information in a server
failure (SERVFAIL) response when it is authoritative for the original failure (SERVFAIL) response when it is authoritative for the original
QNAME. QNAME.
A name server SHOULD include zone version information in a NODATA A name server SHOULD include zone version information in a NODATA
response (Section 3 of [RFC8499]). Even though the NODATA response response (Section 3 of [RFC8499]). Even though the NODATA response
does not include any Answer section RRs, the RCODE is NOERROR and the does not include any Answer section RRs, the RCODE is NOERROR and the
name server is still authoritative for the zone. name server is still authoritative for the zone.
3.2.1. ZONEVERSION Is Not Transitive
The ZONEVERSION option is not transitive. A name server (recursive
or otherwise) MUST NOT blindly copy the ZONEVERSION option from a
query it receives into a subsquent query that it sends onward to
another server. A name server MUST NOT send a ZONEVERSION option
back to a client which did not request it.
4. The SOA-SERIAL ZONEVERSION Type 4. The SOA-SERIAL ZONEVERSION Type
The first and only ZONEVERSION option TYPE defined in this document The first and only ZONEVERSION option TYPE defined in this document
is a zone's serial number as found in the Start of Authority (SOA) is a zone's serial number as found in the Start of Authority (SOA)
RR. RR.
The value for this type is: 0 The value for this type is: 0
The mnemonic of this type is: SOA-SERIAL. The mnemonic of this type is: SOA-SERIAL.
The OPTION-LENGTH for this type MUST be set to 6 in responses. The EDNS(0) OPTION-LENGTH for this type MUST be set to 6 in
responses.
The VERSION value for the SOA-SERIAL type MUST be a copy of the The VERSION value for the SOA-SERIAL type MUST be a copy of the
unsigned 32-bit SERIAL field of the SOA RR, as defined in unsigned 32-bit SERIAL field of the SOA RR, as defined in
Section 3.3.13 of [RFC1035]. Section 3.3.13 of [RFC1035].
4.1. Type SOA-SERIAL Presentation Format 4.1. Type SOA-SERIAL Presentation Format
The presentation format of this type content is as follows: The presentation format of this type content is as follows:
The TYPE field MUST be represented as the mnemonic value "SOA- The TYPE field MUST be represented as the mnemonic value "SOA-
SERIAL". SERIAL".
The VERSION field MUST be represented as an unsigned decimal integer. The VERSION field MUST be represented as an unsigned decimal integer.
5. Example usage 5. Example usage
A name server which (a) implements this specification, (b) receives a A name server which (a) implements this specification, (b) receives a
query with the ZONEVERSION option, (c) is authoritative for the query with the ZONEVERSION option, (c) is authoritative for the zone
original QNAME, and (d) utilizes the SOA serial field for versioning of the original QNAME, and (d) utilizes the SOA serial field for
of said zone should include a ZONEVERSION option in its response. In versioning of said zone should include a ZONEVERSION option in its
the response's ZONEVERSION option the OPTION-LENGTH would be set to 6 response. In the response's ZONEVERSION option the EDNS(0) OPTION-
and the OPTION-DATA would consist of the 1-octet LABELCOUNT, the LENGTH would be set to 6 and the OPTION-DATA would consist of the
1-octet TYPE with value 0, and 4-octet SOA SERIAL value. 1-octet LABELCOUNT, the 1-octet TYPE with value 0, and 4-octet SOA
SERIAL value.
The example below demonstrates expected output of a diagnostic tool The example below demonstrates expected output of a diagnostic tool
that implements the ZONEVERSION option, displaying a response from a that implements the ZONEVERSION option, displaying a response from a
compliant authoritative DNS server: compliant authoritative DNS server:
$ dig @ns.example.com www.example.com aaaa +zoneversion $ dig @ns.example.com www.example.com aaaa +zoneversion +norecurse
; <<>> DiG 9.17.14-patched <<>> @ns.example.com www.example.com aaaa +zoneversion ; <<>> DiG 9.17.14-patched <<>> @ns.example.com www.example.com aaaa +zoneversion
; (1 server found) ; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd ;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer: ;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7077 ;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 7077
;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2 ;; flags: qr aa; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 1, ADDITIONAL: 2
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION: ;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232 ; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 1232
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IANA is requested to create and maintain a new registry entitled IANA is requested to create and maintain a new registry entitled
"ZONEVERSION TYPE Values" (abbreviation ZONEVERSION) used by the "ZONEVERSION TYPE Values" (abbreviation ZONEVERSION) used by the
ZONEVERSION option, inside the "Domain Name System (DNS) Parameters" ZONEVERSION option, inside the "Domain Name System (DNS) Parameters"
group. Initial values for the ZONEVERSION TYPE values registry are group. Initial values for the ZONEVERSION TYPE values registry are
given below; future assignments in the 1-245 values are to be made given below; future assignments in the 1-245 values are to be made
through Specification Required Review [BCP26]. Assignments consist through Specification Required Review [BCP26]. Assignments consist
of a TYPE value as an unsigned 8-bit integer recorded in decimal, a of a TYPE value as an unsigned 8-bit integer recorded in decimal, a
Mnemonic name as an uppercase ASCII string with maximum length of 15 Mnemonic name as an uppercase ASCII string with maximum length of 15
characters, and the required document reference. characters, and the required document reference.
+==================+=====================+=================+ +==================+==================+=================+
| ZONEVERSION TYPE | Mnemonic | Reference | | ZONEVERSION TYPE | Mnemonic | Reference |
+==================+=====================+=================+ +==================+==================+=================+
| 0 | SOA-SERIAL | [this document] | | 0 | SOA-SERIAL | [this document] |
+==================+=====================+=================+ +==================+==================+=================+
| 1-245 | Unassigned | | | 1-245 | Unassigned | |
+==================+=====================+=================+ +==================+==================+=================+
| 246-254 | Reserved for Local/ | [this document] | | 246-254 | Private Use | [this document] |
| | Experimental Use | | +==================+==================+=================+
+==================+=====================+=================+ | 255 | Reserved for | [this document] |
| 255 | Reserved for future | [this document] | | | future expansion | |
| | expansion | | +==================+==================+=================+
+==================+=====================+=================+
Table 2: ZONEVERSION Registry Table 2: ZONEVERSION Registry
The change control for this registry should be by means of an The change control for this registry should be by means of an
Standard action. Standard action.
7.2.1. Expert Review Directives 7.2.1. Expert Review Directives
Allocation procedures for new code points in the ZONEVERSION TYPE Allocation procedures for new code points in the ZONEVERSION TYPE
registry require Specification Required review, and so it requires registry require Specification Required review, and so it requires
Expert Reviews as stated in [BCP26]. Expert Reviews as stated in [BCP26].
skipping to change at page 11, line 28 skipping to change at page 11, line 28
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8126>.
[RFC1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities", [RFC1034] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - concepts and facilities",
STD 13, RFC 1034, DOI 10.17487/RFC1034, November 1987, STD 13, RFC 1034, DOI 10.17487/RFC1034, November 1987,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1034>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1034>.
[RFC1035] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and [RFC1035] Mockapetris, P., "Domain names - implementation and
specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, DOI 10.17487/RFC1035, specification", STD 13, RFC 1035, DOI 10.17487/RFC1035,
November 1987, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1035>. November 1987, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1035>.
[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
[RFC6891] Damas, J., Graff, M., and P. Vixie, "Extension Mechanisms [RFC6891] Damas, J., Graff, M., and P. Vixie, "Extension Mechanisms
for DNS (EDNS(0))", STD 75, RFC 6891, for DNS (EDNS(0))", STD 75, RFC 6891,
DOI 10.17487/RFC6891, April 2013, DOI 10.17487/RFC6891, April 2013,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6891>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6891>.
10. Informative References 10. Informative References
[BCP14] Best Current Practice 14,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/bcp14>.
At the time of writing, this BCP comprises the following:
Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119,
DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>.
Leiba, B., "Ambiguity of Uppercase vs Lowercase in RFC
2119 Key Words", BCP 14, RFC 8174, DOI 10.17487/RFC8174,
May 2017, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc8174>.
[ImplRef] Salgado, H., "Zoneversion Implementations", 2023, [ImplRef] Salgado, H., "Zoneversion Implementations", 2023,
<https://github.com/huguei/rrserial>. <https://github.com/huguei/rrserial>.
[RFC2931] Eastlake 3rd, D., "DNS Request and Transaction Signatures [RFC2931] Eastlake 3rd, D., "DNS Request and Transaction Signatures
( SIG(0)s )", RFC 2931, DOI 10.17487/RFC2931, September ( SIG(0)s )", RFC 2931, DOI 10.17487/RFC2931, September
2000, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2931>. 2000, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2931>.
[RFC3254] Alvestrand, H., "Definitions for talking about [RFC3254] Alvestrand, H., "Definitions for talking about
directories", RFC 3254, DOI 10.17487/RFC3254, April 2002, directories", RFC 3254, DOI 10.17487/RFC3254, April 2002,
<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3254>. <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3254>.
 End of changes. 23 change blocks. 
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