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In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle. The Standard Model counts six flavours of quarks and six flavours...

In physics, a charge is any of many different quantities, such as the electric charge in electromagnetism or the color charge in quantum chromodynamics...

In quantum information and quantum computing, a cluster state is a type of highly entangled state of multiple qubits. Cluster states are generated in lattices...

Survey meters in radiation protection are hand-held ionising radiation measurement instruments used to check such as personnel, equipment and the environment...

Isaac Asimov's Robots and Aliens is a series of novels written by various authors and loosely connected to Isaac Asimov's Robot series. Each volume is...

Seismic migration is the process by which seismic events are geometrically re-located in either space or time to the location the event occurred in the...

An optical circulator is a three- or four-port optical device designed such that light entering any port exits from the next. This means that if light...

In general relativity, the Ehrenfest–Tolman effect (also known as the Tolman–Ehrenfest effect), created by Richard C. Tolman and Paul Ehrenfest, argues...

Shape waves are excitations propagating along Josephson vortices or fluxons. In the case of two-dimensional Josephson junctions (thick long Josephson junctions...

It is a well known fact that a quarter of the energy density of the universe is in the form of dark matter (DM). One can corroborate the presence of DM...

Anisotropic energy is energy that is directionally specific. The word anisotropy means "directionally dependent", hence the definition. The most common...