What is "not assignable to parameter of type never" error in TypeScript?

Question

Code is:

const foo = (foo: string) => {
  const result = []
  result.push(foo)
}

I get the following TS error:

[ts] Argument of type 'string' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'.

What am I doing wrong? Is this a bug?

Answer 1

All you have to do is define your result as a string array, like the following:

const result : string[] = [];

Without defining the array type, it by default will be never. So when you tried to add a string to it, it was a type mismatch, and so it threw the error you saw.

Answer 2

Another way is:

const result: any[] = [];

Answer 3

This seems to be some strange behavior in typescript that they are stuck with for legacy reasons. If you have the code:

const result = []

Usually it would be treated as if you wrote:

const result:any[] = []

however, if you have both noImplicitAny FALSE, AND strictNullChecks TRUE in your tsconfig, it is treated as:

const result:never[] = []

This behavior defies all logic, IMHO. Turning on null checks changes the entry types of an array?? And then turning on noImplicitAny actually restores the use of any without any warnings??

It's unintuitive that adding an additional type check (noImplicitAny) results in more relaxed type checking, especially when it introduces the thing you were attempting to eliminate.

Answer 4

I got the same error in React function component, using useState hook.

The solution was to declare the type of useState at initialisation using angle brackets:

// Example: type of useState is an array of string
const [items , setItems] = useState<string[]>([]); 

Answer 5

I was having same error In ReactJS statless function while using ReactJs Hook useState. I wanted to set state of an object array , so if I use the following way

const [items , setItems] = useState([]);

and update the state like this:

 const item = { id : new Date().getTime() , text : 'New Text' };
 setItems([ item , ...items ]);

I was getting error:

Argument of type '{ id: number; text: any }' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'

but if do it like this,

const [items , setItems] = useState([{}]);

Error is gone but there is an item at 0 index which don't have any data(don't want that).

so the solution I found is:

const [items , setItems] = useState([] as any);

Answer 6

const foo = (foo: string) => {
  const result: string[] = []
  result.push(foo)
}

You needed specify what the array is since result = [] has a return type of any[]. Typically you want to avoid any types since they are meant to be used as an "Escape hatch" according to Microsoft.

The result is an object that is an array of string.

Answer 7

The solution i found was

const [files, setFiles] = useState([] as any);

Answer 8

I was able to get past this by using the Array keyword instead of empty brackets:

const enhancers: Array<any> = [];

Use:

if (typeof devToolsExtension === 'function') {
  enhancers.push(devToolsExtension())
}

Answer 9

Error: Argument of type 'any' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'.

In tsconfig.json -

  "noImplicitReturns": false,

   "strictNullChecks":false,

Solution: type as 'never'

Answer 10

Remove "strictNullChecks": true from "compilerOptions" or set it to false in the tsconfig.json file of your Ng app. These errors will go away like anything and your app would compile successfully.

Disclaimer: This is just a workaround. This error appears only when the null checks are not handled properly which in any case is not a good way to get things done.

Answer 11

One more reason for the error.

if you are exporting after wrapping component with connect()() then props may give typescript error
Solution: I didn't explore much as I had the option of replacing connect function with useSelector hook
for example

/* Comp.tsx */
interface IComp {
 a: number
}

const Comp = ({a}:IComp) => <div>{a}</div>

/* ** 

below line is culprit, you are exporting default the return 
value of Connect and there is no types added to that return
value of that connect()(Comp) 

** */

export default connect()(Comp)


--
/* App.tsx */
const App = () => {
/**  below line gives same error 
[ts] Argument of type 'number' is not assignable to 
parameter of type 'never' */
 return <Comp a={3} />
}

Answer 12

I got the error when defining (initialising) an array as follows:

let mainMenu: menuObjectInterface[] | [] = [];

The code I got the problem in:

let mainMenu: menuObjectInterface[] | [] = [];
dbresult.rows.forEach((m) => {
    if (!mainMenu.find((e) => e.menucode === m.menucode)) {
        // Not found in mainMenu, yet
        mainMenu.push({menucode: m.menucode, menudescription: m.menudescription})  // Here the error
    }
})

The error was: TS2322: Type 'any' is not assignable to type 'never'

The reason was that the array was initialised with also the option of an empty array. Typescript saw a push to a type which also can be empty. Hence the error.

Changing the line to this fixed the error:

let mainMenu: menuObjectInterface[] = [];

Answer 13

You need to type result to an array of string const result: string[] = [];.

Answer 14

I did a workaround by doing

const array = new Array()
array.push(123)
console.log(array) // => [123]

Answer 15

In case you are using TypeScript with Vue and you are facing this issue in data when initializing the variable. you can try this {} as any.

export default defineComponent({
name: "Student",
 data() {
    return {
       studentList: {} as any,
    }
}
......
})

Note: Usually as a best practice, we discourage any, so replace any with your Object model. like studentList: {} as StudentModel. where Student model can be a Interface like this:

export interface StudentModel {
    studentId: number,
    fullName: string,
    grade: string
}

Answer 16

you could also add as string[]

const foo = (foo: string) => {
  const result = []
  (result as string[]).push(foo)
}

I did it when it was part of an object

let complexObj = {
arrData : [],
anotherKey: anotherValue
...
}
(arrData as string[]).push('text')

Answer 17

In Vue 3 app for typescript supporting , you can define as follows :

const result = ref<string[]>([]);

const foo = (foo:string)=>{
    result.value.push(foo as string)
}

Answer 18

I received the same error

Argument of type 'string' is not assignable to parameter of type 'never'.

in a jasmine test:

const toggleModalSpy = spyOn(component, 'toggleUpload').and.callThrough();

The actual error was that the component had no 'toggleUpload' method. It took me some time to figure it out. 😂

Answer 19

in latest versions of angular, you have to define the type of the variables:

1. if it is a string, you must do like that:

   public message : string ="";

2. if it is a number:

   public n : number=0;

3. if a table of string:

   public tab: string[] = [];

4. if a table of number:

   public tab: number[]=[];

5. if a mixed table:

   public tab: any[] = []; .......etc (for other type of variables)

6. if you don't define type of variable: by default the type is never

NB: in your case, you must know the type of variables that your table must contain, and choose the right option (like option 3 ,4 5 ).

Answer 20

This error occurs when you set the value of a property in an object when you haven't set the properties of the object. Declare a type for the object with its properties, then assign the type when you instantiated the object. Now you can set the values of the properties without this error.

Answer 21

I had this error for useRef

before with error:

const revealRefs = useRef([]);

  const addToRefs = (el) => {
    if (el && !revealRefs.current.includes(el)) {
      revealRefs.current.push(el);
    }
  };

after without error:

const revealRefs = useRef<HTMLElement[]>([]);

  const addToRefs = (el: HTMLElement | null) => {
    if (el && !revealRefs.current.includes(el)) {
      revealRefs.current.push(el);
    }
  };