#Diet, #gut #microbiota and #sport #performance: moving towards #personalized #nutrition
Diet is undoubtedly the main determinant of the gut microbiota composition in humans, shaping more than 60% of the whole microbiome. With the advances in “omics” and data analysis, #personalized #nutrition has gradually become a certainty. 🎯
Beyond food, #precision #probiotics may help in boosting performance and promoting health. An example? 💊
The gut microbiota contributes to the absorption and utilization of proteins, muscle growth and metabolism. Co-administration of #Bacillus #coagulans (GBI-30,6086) with #protein reduced the inflammation of epithelial cells, improved nutrient absorption and amino acid uptake, finally attenuating muscle damage and facilitating muscle recovery [https://lnkd.in/drkfeUAm].
Let’s focus on some key diets and their effects on gut microbiota’s modulation: 🍽
✨ #Ketogenic #Diet (KD): It leads to decreased levels of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli and increased Fusobacteria and Escherichia, due to the high release of #ketone #bodies, as beta-hydroxy butyrate. While #saturated #fats increase the abundance of LPS-carrying bacteria, as Bilophila wadsworthia, facilitating the immune cell infiltration, polyunsaturated (#omega3) promote GI integrity and higher abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacilli, and Akkermansia muciniphila.
✨ #Plant-#Based #Diet: In a study on 258 participants following different diets, the ones in the #western #diet group reported the lowest abundance of Bacteroides, Lachnospiraceae and Butyricoccus, while the #vegan group showed the highest abundance [https://lnkd.in/dy6TSTSK]. Beyond dietary fibers and SCFA release, #anthocyanins play a fundamental role in muscle metabolism, eliciting antioxidant protection and mitochondrial biogenesis, but their absorption and bioactivity strictly depend on bacterial enzymes in the colon.
✨ #High-#Protein #Diet: Amino acids may be converted into branched-chain fatty acids and SCFAs, ammonia, sulfides, indole, and phenolic compounds via the gut microbiota. Excessive protein intake, as in bodybuilders, risk to increase the abundance of protein-fermenting bacteria such as Clostridium, Bacillus, Staphylococcus, while decreasing carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria such as Prevotella, Roseburia, and Faecalibacterium.
✨ #Mediterranean #diet (MD): It not only increases the gut microbiota diversity, but also facilitates the release of SCFAs due to the prevalence of plant-based food. Previous research reported a positive association between the MD and Prevotella, while according to Griffiths et al., this diet might have positive effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, injury, illness risk, cognitive and vascular function in competitive athletes [https://lnkd.in/devtgYc2].
If it's true that "one does not fit all", which is the best intervention for you?
LINK: https://lnkd.in/d8SuF_4C
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